Dr. Metzger's Publications: 1993-2001

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68. "Synthesis of high moment and high coercivity iron nitride particles." Bao, X.; Metzger, R. M.; Doyle, W. D. J. Appl. Phys. 73, 6734-6 (1993).

69. "Ground-state optical properties of charge-transfer crystals close to the neutral-ionic interface: tetrathiafulvalene-2,5-dichloro-p-benzoquinone." Girlando, A.; Painelli, A.; Pecile, C.; Calestani, G.; Rizzoli, C.; Metzger, R. M. J. Chem. Phys. 98, 7692-8 (1993).

70. "Third-order nonlinear optical susceptibilities by laser self-trapping and degenerate four-wave mixing in oligothienyldicyanovinylene solutions." Joshi, M. V.; Cava, M. P.; Lakshmikantham, M. V.; Metzger, R. M.; Abdeldayem, H.; Henry, M.; Venkateswarlu, P. Synthetic Metals 57, 3974-9 (1993).

71. "Synthesis, electric conductivity and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy of polymers derived from nitrosonium hexafluorophosphate-doped XYZ triheterocycles based on pyrrole, furan, and thiophene." Joshi, M. V.; Hemler, C.; Cava, M. P.; Cain, J. L.; Bakker, M. G.; McKinley, A. J.; Metzger, R. M. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2, 1081-6 (1993).

72. "Poly(naphtho[2,3-c]thiophene-alt-bithiophene): a novel low band gap polymer." Lakshmikantham, M. V.; Lorcy, D.; Scordilis-Kelley, C.; Wu, X. L.; Parakka, J. P.; Metzger, R. M.; Cava, M. P. Adv. Mater. 5, 723-6 (1993).

73. "The long road toward organic unimolecular rectifiers." Metzger, R. M. Electr. Magn. Biol. Med., Rev. Res. Pap. World Congr., 1st, 175-8 (1993).

74. "Langmuir-Blodgett films of C60: Structure of pure films and their superconductivity after exposure to potassium vapor." Metzger, R. M.; Wang, P. Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences 117, 411-17 (1993).

75. "Langmuir-Blodgett films of fullerene C60: structure of the pure films and their superconductivity after potassium doping." Metzger, R. M.; Wang, P. Polymer Preprints (American Chemical Society, Division of Polymer Chemistry) 34, 761-2 (1993).

76. "Structure of MAP:MNA, the 1:1 adduct between (R)-methyl 2-(2,4-dinitroanilino)propanoate (MAP) and 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline (MNA), a new nonlinear optical crystal." Metzger, R. M.; Atwood, J. L.; Lee, W. J.; Rao, S. M.; Lal, R. B.; Loo, B. H. Acta Cryst., Sect. C C49, 738-41 (1993).

77. "Scanning tunneling microscopy and transmission electron microscopy of Langmuir-Blodgett films of three donor-sigma-acceptor molecules: BDDAP-C-HETCNQ (bis(dodecylamino)phenyl carbamate of hydroxyethoxytetracyanoquinodimethane), BDDAP-C-HPTCNQ (bis(dodecylamino)phenyl carbamate of hydroxypropoxytetracyanoquinodimethane) and BDDAP-C-HBTCNQ (bis(dodecylamino)phenyl carbamate of hydroxybutoxytetracyanoquinodimethane)." Wang, P.; Singleton, J. L.; Wu, X. L.; Shamsuzzoha, M.; Metzger, R. M.; Panetta, C. A.; Kim, J. W.; Heimer, N. E. Synthetic Metals 57, 3824-9 (1993).

78. "Imaging of Langmuir-Blodgett films of C60 fullerene by scanning tunneling microscopy and transmission electron microscopy." Wang, P.; Shamsuzzoha, M.; Lee, W. J.; Wu, X. L.; Metzger, R. M. Synthetic Metals 56, 3104-9 (1993).

79. "Superconductivity in Langmuir-Blodgett multilayers of fullerene (C60) doped with potassium." Wang, P.; Metzger, R. M.; Bandow, S.; Maruyama, Y. J. Phys. Chem. 97, 2926-7 (1993).

80. "Scanning tunneling microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy of C₁₆H₃₃-Q₃CNO, hexadecylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide." Wu, X.; Shamsuzzoha, M.; Metzger, R. M.; Ashwell, G. J. Synthetic Metals 57, 3836-41 (1993).

81. "Synthesis and properties of a-Fe₁₆N₂ in magnetic particles." Bao, X.; Metzger, R. M.; Carbucicchio, M. J. Appl. Phys. 75, 5870-7 (1994).

82. "The quest for D-s-A unimolecular rectifiers and related topics in molecular electronics." Metzger, R. M. Adv. Chem. Ser. 240, 81-129 (1994).

83. "Magnetism of a-Fe₁₆N₂." Metzger, R. M.; Bao, X.; Carbucicchio, M. J. Appl. Phys. 76, 6626-31 (1994).

84. "Langmuir-Blodgett Films of Donor-s-Acceptor (D-s-A) Compounds, Where D = Anilide Donors with Internal Diyne or Saturated Lipid Tails, s = Carbamate Bridge, and A = 4-Nitrophenyl or TCNQ Acceptors." Nadizadeh, H.; Mattern, D. L.; Singleton, J.; Wu, X.-L.; Metzger, R. M. Chem. Mater. 6, 268-77 (1994).

85. "A stable fullerene complex: crystal and molecular structure of (BDMT-TTeF)(C₆₀·CS₂." Wang, P.; Lee, W.-J.; Shcherbakova, I.; Cava, M. P.; Metzger, R. M. Synthetic Metals 64, 319-21 (1994).

86. "Colossal magnetoresistance in pulsed laser-deposited thin ceramic films." Gangopadhyay, S.; Cross, R. W.; Elliner, G.; Jackson, S.; Jenner, A. G.; Greenough, R. D.; Dyer, P. E.; Bao, X.; Metzger, R. M.; et al. J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 147, L225-L230 (1995).

87. "D-s-A unimolecular rectifiers." Metzger, R. M. Mater. Sci. Eng., C C3, 277-85 (1995).

88. "Langmuir-Blodgett superconductors based on C60, new donor-acceptor systems, and new conducting polymer." Metzger, R. M.; Wang, P.; Wu, X.-L.; Tormos, G. V.; Lorcy, D.; Shcherbakova, I.; Lakshmikantham, M. V.; Cava, M. P. Synthetic Metals 70, 1435-8 (1995).

89. "Crystal growth and investigation of efficient non-linear optical materials in the mixed (2,-4-dinitrophenyl)-L-alanine (DPA) and 2-methyl-4-nitroaniline (MNA) system." Rao, S. M.; He, K. X.; Lal, R. B.; Evans, R. A.; Loo, B. H.; Chang, J. M.; Metzger, R. M.; Lee, W. J.; Shields, A. S.; et al. J. Mater. Sci. 30, 179-84 (1995).

90. "Dithiadiazafulvalenes-New Strong Electron Donors. Synthesis, Isolation, Properties, and EPR Studies." Tormos, G. V.; Bakker, M. G.; Wang, P.; Lakshmikantham, M. V.; Cava, M. P.; Metzger, R. M. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 117, 8528-35 (1995).

91. "Dithiadiazafulvalenes - new strong electron donors." Tormos, G. V.; Cava, M. P.; Metzger, R. M. Polym. Mat. Sci. Eng. 72, 296-7 (1995).

92. "A fullerene complex of BDMT-TTeF." Wang, P.; Lee, W. J.; Shcherbakova, I.; Cava, M. P.; Metzger, r. M. Synthetic Metals 70, 1457-8 (1995).

93. "Studies of new organic conductors based on thiophene derived annulene complexes with TCNQF₄." Wu, X.; Hu, Z.; Jeevarajan, A. S.; Cava, M. P.; Metzger, R. M. Synthetic Metals 70, 1169-70 (1995).

94. "Scanning tunneling micrographs of ordered layers of two thiophene-alkylpyrrole oligomers on graphite." Wu, X.; Parakka, J. P.; Cava, M. P.; Kim, Y.-T.; Metzger, R. M. Synthetic Metals 71, 2105-6 (1995).

95. "Synthesis and magnetic properties of electrodeposited metal particles on anodic alumite film." Bao, X.; Li, F.; Metzger, R. M. J. Appl. Phys. 79, 4866-4868 (1996).

96. "Lanthanide and boron oxide-coated α-Fe particles." Li, F.; Bao, X.; Metzger, R. M.; Carbucicchio, M. J. Appl. Phys. 79, 4869-4871 (1996).

97. "Synthesis and Properties of Two Regular Thienylpyrrole Polymers." Parakka, J. P.; Chacko, A. P.; Nikles, D. E.; Wang, P.; Hasegawa, S.; Maruyama, Y.; Metzger, R. M.; Cava, M. P. Macromolecules 29, 1928-33 (1996).

98. "Superconductivity of C60 Langmuir-Blodgett Films Doped with Potassium: Low-Field Signal and Electron Spin Resonance Study." Wang, P.; Maruyama, Y.; Metzger, R. M. Langmuir 12, 3932-3937 (1996).

99. "Thermal effect on the coercivity of ultrathin NiFe films." Hou, C.; Fujiwara, H.; Klemmer, T. J.; Metzger, R. M.; Doyle, W. D. IEEE Trans. Mag. 33, 3625-3627 (1997).

100. "Langmuir-Blodgett Films of a Thermally Labile 1:1 Adduct of C60 Fullerene and 8-(9-Anthryl)-7-oxaoctanoic Acid." Kawai, T.; Scheib, S.; Cava, M. P.; Metzger, R. M. Langmuir 13, 5627-5633 (1997).

101. "Influence of particle size on the magnetic viscosity and activation volume of a-Fe nanowires in alumite films." Li, F.; Metzger, R. M.; Doyle, W. D. IEEE Trans. Mag. 33, 3715-3717 (1997).

102. "Activation volume of α-Fe particles in alumite films." Li, F.; Metzger, R. M. J. Appl. Phys. 81, 3806-3808 (1997).

103. "Unimolecular Electrical Rectification in Hexadecylquinolinium Tricyanoquinodimethanide." Metzger, R. M.; Chen, B.; Hoepfner, U.; Lakshmikantham, M. V.; Vuillaume, D.; Kawai, T.; Wu, X.; Tachibana, H.; Hughes, T. V.; Sakurai, H.; Baldwin, J. W.; Hosch, C.; Cava, M. P.; Brehmer, L.; Ashwell, G. J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 119, 10455-10466 (1997).

104. "Is Ashwell's zwitterion a molecular diode?" Metzger, R. M.; Tachibana, H.; Wu, X.; Hoepfner, U.; Chen, B.; Lakshmikantham, M. V.; Cava, M. P. Synthetic Metals 85, 1359-1360 (1997).

105. "Semiconducting Langmuir-Blodgett films of bispyrroloTTF." Tachibana, H.; Kawai, T.; Metzger, R. M.; Zong, K.; Cava, M. P. Synthetic Metals 84, 429-430 (1997).

106. "Preparation and deposition of stable monolayers of fullerene derivatives." Wang, P.; Chen, B.; Metzger, R. M.; Da Ros, T.; Prato, M. J. Mater. Chem. 7, 2397-2400 (1997).

107. "On the Growth of Highly Ordered Pores in Anodized Aluminum Oxide." Li, F.; Zhang, L.; Metzger, R. M. Chem. Mater. 10, 2470-2480 (1998).

108. "Demonstration of unimolecular electrical rectification in hexadecylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide." Metzger, R. M. Adv. Mater. Opt. Electron. 8, 229-245 (1998).

109. "Observation of unimolecular electrical rectification in hexadecylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide." Metzger, R. M.; Chen, B.; Vuillaume, D.; Lakshmikantham, M. V.; Hopfner, U.; Kawai, T.; Baldwin, J. W.; Wu, X.; Tachibana, H.; Sakurai, H.; Cava, M. P. Thin Solid Films 327-329, 326-330 (1998).

110. "Rectification by a single molecule of hexadecylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide." Metzger, R. M.; Cava, M. P. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 852, 95-115 (1998).

111. "Electrical rectification by a molecule of hexadecylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide." Metzger, R. M.; Chen, B.; Vuillaume, D.; Hopfner, U.; Baldwin, J. W.; Kawai, T.; Tachibana, H.; Sakurai, H.; Lakshmikantham, M. V.; Cava, M. P. Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 488, 335-340 (1998).

112. "Studies in the Dithienylbenzo[c]thiophene Series." Mohanakrishnan, A. K.; Lakshmikantham, M. V.; McDougal, C.; Cava, M. P.; Baldwin, J.; Metzger, R. M. J. Org. Chem. 63, 3105-3112 (1998).

113. "In search of D-s-A molecular rectifiers: the D-s-A system derived from triptycenequinone and tetrathiafulvalene." Scheib, S.; Cava, M. P.; Baldwin, J. W.; Metzger, R. M. Thin Solid Films 327-329, 100-103 (1998).

114. "In search of molecular rectifiers. The donor-s-acceptor system derived from triptycenequinone and tetrathiafulvalene." Scheib, S.; Cava, M. P.; Baldwin, J. W.; Metzger, R. M. J. Org. Chem. 63, 1198-1204 (1998).

115. "Stable monolayers of fullerene derivatives." Wang, P.; Metzger, R. M.; Chen, B. Thin Solid Films 327-329, 96-99 (1998).

116. "Cellular growth of highly ordered porous anodic films on aluminum." Zhang, L.; Cho, H. S.; Li, F.; Metzger, R. M.; Doyle, W. D. J. Mater. Sci. Lett. 17, 291-294 (1998).

117. "Spectroscopic Studies of Hexadecylquinolinium Tricyanoquinodimethanide." Baldwin, J. W.; Chen, B.; Street, S. C.; Konovalov, V. V.; Sakurai, H.; Hughes, T. V.; Simpson, C. S.; Lakshmikantham, M. V.; Cava, M. P.; Kispert, L. D.; Metzger, R. M. J. Phys. Chem. B 103, 4269-4277 (1999).

118. "Rectification between 370 and 105 K in Hexadecylquinolinium Tricyanoquinodimethanide." Chen, B.; Metzger, R. M. J. Phys. Chem. B 103, 4447-4451 (1999).

119. "Photoluminescence of two thienylpyrrole polymers." Han, Z.; Thakur, M.; Metzger, R. M.; Cava, M. P. J. Polym. Sci., Part B 37, 461-464 (1999).

120. "Synthesis and Langmuir-Blodgett Film Formation of Amphiphilic Zwitterions Based on Benzothiazolium Tricyanoquinodimethanide." Hughes, T. V.; Mokijewski, B.; Chen, B.; Lakshmikantham, M. V.; Cava, M. P.; Metzger, R. M. Langmuir 15, 6925-6930 (1999).

121. "Highly ordered nanotopographies on electropolished aluminum single crystals." Konovalov, V. V.; Zangari, G.; Metzger, R. M. Chem. Mater. 11, 1949-1951 (1999).

122. "Theoretical calculations of methylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide (CH₃Q-₃CNQ) using a solvation model." Kwon, O.; McKee, M. L.; Metzger, R. M. Chem. Phys. Lett. 313, 321-331 (1999).

123. "Unimolecular electrical rectification by hexadecylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide." Metzger, R. M. Mol. Cryst. Liq. Cryst. Sci. Technol., Sect. A 337, 37-42 (1999).

124. "Electrical Rectification by a Molecule: The Advent of Unimolecular Electronic Devices." Metzger, R. M. Acc. Chem. Res. 32, 950-957 (1999).

125. "The unimolecular rectifier: unimolecular electronic devices are coming." Metzger, R. M. J. Mater. Chem. 9, 2027-2036 (1999).

126. "The prospect of unimolecular rectification." Metzger, R. M. Hyper-Struct. Mol. I, 19-33 (1999).

127. "Design Strategies for Solid-State Supramolecular Arrays Containing Both Mixed-Metalated and Freebase Porphyrins." Sharma, C. V. K.; Broker, G. A.; Huddleston, J. G.; Baldwin, J. W.; Metzger, R. M.; Rogers, R. D. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 121, 1137-1144 (1999).

128. "Long-lived photoproduced radical ions in tetrathiafulvalenes covalently tethered to C60." Simonsen, K. B.; Konovalov, V. V.; Konovalova, T. A.; Kawai, T.; Cava, M. P.; Kispert, L. D.; Metzger, R. M.; Becher, J. Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 2: Physical Organic Chemistry, 657-665 (1999).

129. "Electron transfer through a monolayer of hexadecylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide." Vuillaume, D.; Chen, B.; Metzger, R. M. Langmuir 15, 4011-4017 (1999).

130. "Carotenoids in Liposomes: Photodegradation, Excited State Lifetimes, and Energy Transfer." He, Z.; Kispert, L. D.; Metzger, R. M.; Gosztola, D.; Wasielewski, M. R. J. Phys. Chem. B 104, 6302-6307 (2000).

131. "Long-scale ordered nano-patterns formed by electrochemical polishing and anodization of polycrystalline and single crystal aluminum." Konovalov, V. V.; Metzger, R. M.; Zangari, G. Proceedings - Electrochemical Society 99-34, 203-208 (2000).

132. "Long-lived photoproduced radical ions in tetrathiafulvalenes covalently tethered to C60, and LB films of C60 and of K3C60." Metzger, R. M. Proceedings - Electrochemical Society 2000-10, 193-201 (2000).

133. "Unimolecular rectification down to 105 K and spectroscopy of hexadecylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide." Metzger, R. M. Adv. Mater. Opt. Electron. 9, 253-263 (2000).

134. "Magnetic nanowires in hexagonally ordered pores of alumina." Metzger, R. M.; Konovalov, V. V.; Sun, M.; Xu, T.; Zangari, G.; Xu, B.; Benakli, M.; Doyle, W. D. IEEE Trans. Mag. 36, 30-35 (2000).

135. "All about (N-hexadecylquinolin-4-ium-1-yl)methylidenetricyanoquinodimethanide, a unimolecular rectifier of electrical current." Metzger, R. M. J. Mater. Chem. 10, 55-62 (2000).

136. "Cobalt island arrays with in-plane anisotropy electrodeposited in highly ordered alumite." Sun, M.; Zangari, G.; Metzger, R. M. IEEE Trans. Mag. 36, 3005-3008 (2000).

137. "Theory of electrical rectification in a molecular monolayer." Krzeminski, C.; Delerue, C.; Allan, G.; Vuillaume, D.; Metzger, R. M. Phys. Rev. B 64, 085405/1-085405/6 (2001).

138. "Electrical rectification by a monolayer of hexadecylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide sandwiched between gold electrodes." Metzger, R. M. Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 660, JJ9.8/1-JJ9.8/6 (2001).

139. "The quest for unimolecular rectification from Oxford to Waltham to Exeter to Tuscaloosa." Metzger, R. M. J. Macromol. Sci. Pure Appl. Chem. A38, 1499-1517 (2001).

140. "Unimolecular rectification between 370 K and 105 K and spectroscopic properties of hexadecylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide." Metzger, R. M.; Chen, B.; Baldwin, J. W. ACS Symposium Series 798, 50-65 (2001).

141. "Rectification by a single molecule." Metzger, R. M. Synthetic Metals 124, 107-112 (2001).

142. "Magnetic nanoparticle arrays with ultra-uniform length electrodeposited in highly ordered alumina nanopores ("alumite")." Metzger, R. M.; Sun, M.; Zangari, G.; Shamsuzzoha, M. Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 636, D9.33/1-D9.33/6 (2001).

143. "Electrical Rectification by a Monolayer of Hexadecylquinolinium Tricyanoquinodimethanide Measured between Macroscopic Gold Electrodes." Metzger, R. M.; Xu, T.; Peterson, I. R. J. Phys. Chem. B 105, 7280-7290 (2001).

144. "Unimolecular electrical rectification down to 105 K, and spectroscopy of hexadecylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide." Metzger, R. M. Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 582, H12.2/1-H12.2/6 (2001).

145. "Unimolecular organic rectifier of electrical current," Metzger, R. M.; Chen, B., US Patent 6,169,291, 2001.

146. "Analytical Model for Molecular-Scale Charge Transport." Peterson, I. R.; Vuillaume, D.; Metzger, R. M. J. Phys. Chem. A 105, 4702-4707 (2001).

147. "Electrodeposition of highly uniform magnetic nanoparticle arrays in ordered alumite." Sun, M.; Zangari, G.; Shamsuzzoha, M.; Metzger, R. M. Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 2964-2966 (2001).

148. "Light-induced enhancement of rectification by monolayer of hexadecylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide between Al electrodes." Xu, T.; Metzger, R. M. Mater. Res. Soc. Symp. Proc. 660, JJ10.8/1-JJ10.8/5 (2001).

149. "Rectification by a monolayer of hexadecylquinolinium tricyanoquinodimethanide between gold electrodes." Xu, T.; Peterson, I. R.; Lakshmikantham, M. V.; Metzger, R. M. Angew. Chem., Int. Ed. 40, 1749-1752 (2001).

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