LEARNING MODULE #1

Historical Overview

I.     Outline:

                A. 19th Century Ancestors:

                        1. Rounders and Townball
                        2. Chronology of baseball.
                              a. Cooperstown to Hulbert to Black Sox to Ruth to 40-40.
                        3. Doubleday Myth
                              a. Spalding invention or Cartwright rules?
                        4. Chapman and Mays
                              a. Only fatality to occur on field of play.
                              b. How could the ball be seen?
                              c. Other "beanings"
                B. Chronological Index

                        1. Gentleman's game to professionalism.
                        2. First "Golden Age" - 1880's.
                        3. Second "Golden Age" - 1920's.
                        4. Austerity - 1932-1945.
                        5. Expansion.
                        6. Realignment.

II.        Required Reading:

                   Voigt I - (3-204)
                   VoigtII - (137-278)
                   Voigt III - (3-110)
                   Bowman - (39-70)

III.      Required Written Work ("Summary"):

Download the article, "Rickwood" and use the information contained to
"fill in" the blanks and complete the following passage:

"Rickwood Field, the last remnant of the glorious early days of American
Baseball, was built in the year, _____. It is located in _____, AL and has
hosted great players like Ty Cobb, _____ _____, Honus Wagner, and _____
_____, the last legal spitball pitcher in the Major Leagues.

It was at Rickwood that Dizzy Dean lost a 1-0 decision to local pitcher, _____
_____, who, at 43, was in the twilight of his career. _____ _____, a young
outfielder (age-16) was the starting centerfielder for the 1948 Black Barons,
who captured the league championship. He grew up only a few blocks from
Rickwood.

Memories abound at Rickwood. The _____-style pressbox and the Museum of
_____ _____ _____ both remind the visitor of the wonderful history of our
National Pastime.

IV.       Vocabulary:

A. Southpaw ------- F. Fungo
B. Limber   G. Trapper
C. Hit & Run   H. Crow Hop
D. BP   I. -Little ball
E. Tater   J. -Bird Dog

 

LEARNING MODULE #2

Baseball & the Masses (1):
"Literary Baseball"

I.        Outline:

                A. The First Voices:
                    1. Unlikely candidates:
                        a. Jane Austen
                        b. James Fenimore Cooper
                        c. Walt Whitman
                        d. Mark Twain
                        e. Stephen Crane
                        f. Hamlin Garland
                B. Baseball "Books for Boys"
                    1. Fiction stories for juveniles.
                        a. Frank Merriwell - "All-American Boy"
                        b. "Baseball Joe"
                C. Ring Lardner
                    1. Adult baseball literature comes of age.
                        a. First two decades of Twentieth Century.
                        b. "You Know Me Al" (sets the stage).
                    2. Lardner the master of using a baseball background
                        to extract human insights.
                 D. James Thurber
                    1. "You could look it up"
                    2. Typical of writers in the 30's and 40's who experimented
                        with baseball stories (short or long, serious or comic).
                 E. Eliot Asinof
                    1. "Eight Men Out" - a classic on baseball's darkest hour.
                 F. Douglas Jones
               G. Between Lardner and Malamud ("The Natural")
                    1. Many writings indirectly touch baseball.
                    2. Several curious literary baseball associations:
                        a. Cosmic Baseball Association
                    3. Literary baseball bibliographies:
                        a. Grobani's "Guide to the Literature of Baseball" (1975)
                        b. Myron Smith's "Baseball: A Comprehensive Bibliography"
                            (1986)
                        c. McCue's "Baseball by the Book: A History and Complete
                            Bibliography of Baseball Fiction" (1991)
                        d. Bjarkman's "The Immortal Diamond: Baseball in American
                            Literature and American Culture" (1996)
                        e. Baseball fiction - baseball novels.
                 H. Graduate theses and dissertations:
                     1. Numerous research and scientific writings conclude the
                         literary exploration.

II.       Required Reading:

                             Voigt III - (329-334)
                             Bowman - (252-287)

III.      Required Written Work:

                             Film report of the movie: "Field of Dreams."

IV.      Vocabulary:

A. Express ------- F. Hot Corner
B. Squeeze Play G. Tally
C. Sidearm H. Ephus
D. Drag I. -Dying Quail
E. Portsider J. -Pop-up

 

LEARNING MODULE #3

Baseball & the Masses (2):
"The Movies"

I.        Outline:

                           A. Baseball a popular subject for movies from the beginning.
                                 1. Thomas Edison's "Casey at the Bat" (1899 and 1916).
                                 2. 1928 - Jean Arthur and Richard Dix in "Warming Up."
                            B. Hall of Fame listing - 83 baseball movies
                                 1. Dating back to 1913: "Little Sunset" and "Right off the Bat."
                            C. Famous players become "bit" actors:
                                 1. Babe Ruth in "Speedy" (1928)
                                 2. Ty Cobb
                                 3. Hal Chase
                                 4. "Home Run" Baker
                             D. Traditionally, baseball movies are "busts" at the box office:
                                 1. Exceptions include:
                                     a. "Pride of the Yankees"
                                      b. "The Bad News Bears"
                                      c. "The Natural"
                                      d. "Field of Dreams"
                                      e. "Bull Durham"
                              E. Biographies rarely do justice to baseball:
                                 1. Hollywood more apt to change events to suit situational drama.
                              F. Many actors have been miscast as baseball athletes:
                                 1. Gary Cooper ("Pride of the Yankees") - He was a right-handed
                                     actor/player portraying the left-handed Gehrig.
                                 2. Tony Perkins ("Fear Strikes Out") - Perkins was left-handed                                         and tried to portray a right-handed Jimmy Piersall.
                                 3. Ray Milland ("It Happens Every Spring") - Mr. Milland's                                         throwing motion is not very convincing!
                                 4. Exceptions - These actors are very convincing as ball players:
                                      a. Kevin Cosner ("Bull Durham" and "Field of Dreams")
                                      b. Robert Redford ("The Natural")
                                      c. Tom Selek ("Mr. Baseball")
                                      d. Charlie Sheen ("Major League")
                               G. Recent poll for "Championship Movie of All Time"
                                  1. As determined by ESPN Sportszone Fantasy Baseball-1996
                                   2. The candidates, the voting, the winner!
                               H. Grover Cleveland Alexander (Outstanding pitcher in WWI era):
                                   1. Has distinction of being named after one American President                                          and portrayed (in the movies) by another! (Ronald Reagan).

II.       Required Reading:

                                  Bowman - (228-251)

III.      Required Written Work:

                                  List the top ten (10) finishers in the movie poll (in order from one                                     to ten and the percentages of the votes that each received).

IV.      Vocabulary:

A. Scroogie ------- F. In the Bucket
B. Stretch G. Big RC
C. Pud H. Gapper
D. Texas Leaguer -I. Submarine
E. Comebacker J. Dodgers

 

 

LEARNING MODULE #4

Baseball & the Masses (3):
"Sportswriters, Broadcasters, and Telecasters"

I.        Outline:

                A. Baseball's "Second Dimension" - Sportswriters:
                    1. Emerged in 1870's as a new breed.
                    2. Added (free) publicity for clubs.
                B. Early "official" guides:
                    1. DeWitt's Base Ball Guide.
                    2. Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide.
                C. Most productive and authoritative of early baseball writers:
                    1. Henry Chadwick - "Father of the Game"
                        a. Insisted baseball grew from "Rounders"
                        b. Chadwick's "Lexicon of Base Ball Slang" (1874)
                        c. Conservative influence stunted growth of baseball writing.
                D. By 1920's, new names on the baseball scene:
                    1. Ring Lardner
                    2. Grantland Rice
                    3. Damon Runyon
                    4. Baseball Writers National Association (organized in 1908)
                        a. Met most of their goals by 1920.
                E. Second "Golden Age" writers compete with radio:
                    1. Red Smith
                    2. H.G. Salsinger
                    3. Christy Walsh
                F. Austerity writers:
                    1. Jimmy Cannon
                    2. Art Dailey
                G. Post-war years:
                    1. Comeback of Red Smith as dean of "new breed" of writers.
                    2. Dick Young, Wells Twombly, Gary Cartwright.
                H. "Chipmonk Journalism":
                    1. Bob Lipsyte, Peter Gammons, Bob Broeg, Fred Lieb

II.        Outline (cont.):

                A. Baseball's "Third Dimension" - Broadcasters:
                    1. By 1925, radio was revolutionizing American leisure habits.
                    2. Much more impact than "telegraph tickers" that had been
                         used since the 1880's.
                             a. Recreate games from Morse Code (add sound effects).
                             b. Announcers make difference.
                    3. Among first to emerge:
                             a. Graham McNamee
                             b. Ernie Harwell
                             c. Lindsey Nelson
                             d. Red Barber

III.      Outline (cont.):

                A. Baseball's "Fourth Dimension" - Telecasters
                    1. Beginning in 1946 (powerful financial influence)
                    2. Roone Arledge influence.
                    3. Howard Cosell
                    4. Curt Gowdy
                    5. Mel Allen
                    6. Joe Garagiola

IV.       Required Reading:

                               Voigt I - (90-112)
                               Voigt II - (94-101, 234-238
                               Voigt III - (96-102, 321-329)

V.        Required Written Work:

                                See Enabling Activity #1

VI.        Vocabulary:

 

A. Heater   F. Dial 8
B. Tools of Ignorance   G. Can-of-Corn
C. Pull Hitter   H. Tweener
D. Pick-off   I. Chin Music
E. No Break   J. White-Wash

 

 

ENABLING ACTIVITY #1

1. Recall from the Internet Grantland Rice’s poem: "Game Called." In the final verse what does Rice mean when he says:

"But down the roll
The final scroll
Shows only how he played the game"

2. Write out complete definitions for all the vocabulary terms in Learning Modules #1-4. These are to be "in your own words" rather than taken from a text or dictionary!

****Having trouble finding definitions?  Click here for assistance!****

3. The Cosmic Baseball Association has published an Annotated "Casey at the Bat."
Who is the editor? What year was the first edition published? How many different poems are related to the original work? Who was the original author of "Casey at the Bat?"

4. The article "Diamonds are Forever" discusses whether or not baseball still matters in American society. Who is the author of this work? What’s the matter with baseball
(according to the article)? Write two paragraphs of rebuttal to the main thesis of the article.

5. Write a short essay (250 words or less) on the consequences of the beaning of Ray Chapman by Carl Mays on August 16, 1920.

 


For more information regarding this web-site or to contact the instructor click here

Last modified March 22, 1999