Dr. Scott K. Spear

SSpear@bama.ua.edu

 

Born:

                Sept. 30, 1964; Pensacola, Florida.

Education: 

A.A., 1989, Pensacola Junior College; B.S., 1991, University of West Florida; Ph.D., 1997, University of Iowa

Professional Experience:

1999                    Postdoctoral Research Assistant, The University of Alabama

2000                    Research Scientist, Sugar Processing Research Institute, New Orleans

2000 – 2005       Staff Scientist, Center for Green Manufacturing, The University of Alabama    

2005 - present    Research Scientist,  Alabama Institute for Manufacturing Excellence, The University of Alabama    

Research Interest:

                                Green Separation Science and Technology:  bio-renewable materials; room temperature ionic liquids; aqueous biphasic separations; alternative solvents; bioseparations;  biomass utilization; environmental applications; sensors.

Publications:

1.     Spear, S.K.; Patterson, S.L.; Arnold, M.A. “Flow Through Fiber Optic Ammonia Sensor for Analysis of Hippocampus Slice Perfusates.” Analytica Chimica Acta, 357 (1997) 79-84.

2.     Spear, S.K.; Rhiel, M.; Murhammer, D.W.; Arnold, M.A. “Determination of Ammonia in Bioreactor Samples Using a Diffuse Reflectance Based Fiber Optic Sensor.” Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 75(1998), 175.

3.     Razek, T.M.A.; Spear, S.K.; Hassan, S.S.M.; Arnold, M.A. “Selective Measurement of Chromium (VI) by Fluorescence Quenching of Ruthenium.” Talanta, 48 (1999) 269-275.

4.     Rogers, R. D.; Reichert, W. M.; Klingshirn, M. A.; Visser, A. E.; Spear, S. K. “Vision 2020: How Green Chemistry Can Shape the Future of the Sugar Processing Industry,” In Proceedings SPRI 2000 Conference on Sugar Processing Research, April 9-12, 2000, Porto, Portugal, Godshall, M. A., Ed; Sugar Processing Research Institute, Inc., New Orleans, LA, 2000; pp 20-40.

5.     Spear, S. K. and Godshall, M. A., “Good Laboratory Practice and Laboratory Certification,” In Proceedings SPRI 2000 Conference on Sugar Processing Research, April 9-12, 2000, Porto, Portugal, Godshall, M. A., Ed; Sugar Processing Research Institute, Inc., New Orleans, LA, 2000; pp 101-106.

6.     Spear, S.K.; Griffin, S.T.; Rogers, R.D. “Radiopharmaceutical and Hydrometallurgical Separations of Perrhenate Using Aqueous Biphasic Systems and the Analogous ABECÔ Resins.”  I & E. C. R, 39(2000), 3173-3180.

7.     Rogers, R. D.; Spear, S. K.; Swatloski, R. P.; Reichert, W. M.; Godshall, M. A.; Johnson, T. P.; Moens, L. “Non-sugar products from sugarcane for the new millennium: green pathways to a carbohydrate-economy?” Publ. Tech. Pap. Proc. Annu. Meet. Sugar Ind. Technol. (May 6-9, 2001, Taipei, Taiwan) 2001, 60, 291-301.

8.     Spear, S.K.; Visser, A.E.; Willauer, H.D.; Swatloski, R.P.; Griffin, S.T.; Huddleston, J.G.; Rogers, R.D. “Green Separation Science & Technology: Replacement of Volatile Organic Compounds in Industrial Scale Liquid/Liquid or Chromatographic Separations.”  In Green Chemistry and Engineering, Anastas, Paul T.; Heine, Lauren G.; Williamson, Tracy C., Eds.; ACS Symposia Series 766; Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2001; pp. 206-221.

9.     Godshall, M. A.; Spear, S. K.; Johnson, R. M. "The effect of two Louisiana soils on cane juice quality," J. American Soc. Sugarcane Technol, 22 (2002), pp. 102-111.

10.   Swatloski, R. P. Spear, S. K.; Holbrey, J. D.; Rogers, R. D. “Dissolution of Cellulose with Ionic Liquid,” J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2002, 124(18); 4974- 4975.

11.   Spear, S. K.; Visser, A. E.; Rogers, R. D. “Ionic Liquids: Green Solvents for Carbohydrate Studies,” In Proceedings SPRI 2002 Conference on Sugar Processing Research, March 14-15, 2002, New Orleans, Louisiana, Godshall, M. A., Ed; Sugar Processing Research Institute, Inc., New Orleans, LA, pp. 336-340.

12.   Swatloski, R. P.; Holbrey, J. D.; Spear, S. K. ; Rogers, R. D. “Ionic Liquids for the Dissolution and Regeneration of Cellulose,” In Molten Salts XIII; Delong, H. C.; Bradshaw, R. W.; Matsunaga, M.; Stafford, G. R.; Trulove, P. C., Eds.; Electrochemical Society: Pennington, NJ, 2002; pp 155-164.

13.   Holbrey, J. D.; Visser, A. E. Spear, S. K.; Reichert, W. M.; Swatloski, R. P.; Broker, G. A.; Rogers, R. D. “Mercury(II) partitioning from aqueous solutions with a new, hydrophobic ethylene-glycol functionalized bis(methylimidazolium) ionic liquid” Green Chem. 2003, 5, 129-135.

14.   Rogers, R. D.; Holbrey, J. D.; Spear, S. K.; Swatloski, R. P. “Ionic Liquids: A Look at the Dissolution of Cellulose,” In Proceedings of GreenChem2002, 6th Annual Green Chemistry and Engineering Conference, Meeting Global Challenges through Economics and Environmental Innovations, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 2002; pp 39-40.

15.  Swatloski, R. P.; Holbrey, J. D.; Spear, S. K.; Rogers, R. D. “Ionic Liquids as Green Solvents for Regeneration/Engineering of Cellulose Based Products,” In Proceedings of GreenChem2002, 6th Annual Green Chemistry and Engineering Conference, Meeting Global Challenges through Economics and Environmental Innovations, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, 2002; pp 151-152.

16.   Huddleston, J. G.; Looney, T. K.; Broker, G. A.; Griffin, S. T.; Spear, S. K.; Rogers, R. D. “Comparative Behavior of Poly(ethylene glycol) Hydrogels and Poly(ethylene glycol) Aqueous Biphasic Systems,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2003, 42, 6088-6095.

17.   Turner, M. B.; Spear, S. K.; Huddleston, J. G.; Holbrey, J. D.; Rogers, R. D. “Ionic Liquid-Induced Inactivation and Unfolding of Cellulase from Trichoderma reesei, Green Chem. 2003, 5, 443-447. (Also in Chemical Biology Virtual Journal, 2003, Issue 15: http://www.rsc.org/cgi-shell/empower.exe?DB=rsc-cbvjournal&B=F22003&B=F415&ISSNO=15.)

18.  Holbrey, J. D.; Chen, J.; Turner, M. B.; Swatloski, R. P.; Spear, S. K.; Rogers, R. D. “Applying ionic liquid solvent characteristics for controlled processing of polymer materials,” Polymer Preprints (American Chemical Society, Division of Polymer Chemistry) 2004, 45, 297-298.

19.  Klingshirn, M. A.; Spear, S. K.; Subramanian, R.; Holbrey, J. D.; Rogers, R. D. “Synthesis, characterization, and application of ionic liquid-poly(ethylene) glycol gel matrices,” Polymer Preprints (American Chemical Society, Division of Polymer Chemistry) 2004, 45, 307-308.

20.  Chen, J.; Spear, S. K.; Huddleston, J. G.; Holbrey, J. D.; Rogers, R. D. “Application of polyethylene glycol-based aqueous biphasic reactive extraction to the oxidation of olefins.” J. Chromatogr. B 2004, 807, 145-149.

21.  Griffin, S. T.; Spear, S. K.; Rogers, R. D. “Effects of speciation on partitioning of iodine in aqueous biphasic systems and onto ABEC® resins,” J. Chromatogr. B 2004, 807, 151-156.

22.  Spear, S. K.; Holbrey, J. D.; Rogers, R. D. “Liquid Clathrates,” In Encyclopedia of Supramolecular Chemistry, Atwood, J. L.; Steed, J. W. (Eds.); Marcel Dekker: New York, 2004; pp. 804-808.

23.  Chen, J.; Spear, S. K.; Huddleston, J. G.; Holbrey, J. D.; Swatloski, R. P.; Rogers, R. D. “The application of polyethylene glycol aqueous biphasic systems as reaction and reactive extraction media,” Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2004, 43, 5358-5364.

24.  Klingshirn, M. A.; Spear, S. K.; Subramanian, R.; Holbrey, J. D.; Huddleston, J. G.; Rogers, R. D. “Gellation of ionic liquids using a cross-linked poly(ethylene glycol) gel matrix,” Chem. Mater. 2004, 16, 3091-3097.

25.  Turner, M.B.; Spear, S.K.; Holbrey, J.D.; Rogers, R.D. “Production of bioactive cellulose films reconstituted from ionic liquids,” Biomacromolecules 2004, 5, 1379-1384.

National and International Presentations:

1.    S. K. Spear, L. Teesch, and M. A. Arnold “Glutamate Biosensor Coupled with Membrane Introduction Mass Spectrometry.” Presented by S. K. Spear before the 3rd Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing Conference, May 9-10, 1994.

2.     S. K. Spear, S. Patterson, and M. A. Arnold “Absorbance Based Fiber-Optic Sensor for Neurochemical Analysis of Ammonia.” Presented by S. K. Spear before the Pittsburgh Conference, New Orleans, March 3-8, 1995.

3.     M. Rhiel, P. Palechek, H. Chuang, S. K. Spear, M. A. Arnold, M. B. Cohen, and D. W. Murhammer “Comparison of Metabolism and Morphology of Prostate Cancer Cells Cultivated in Tissue Culture Flasks and Rotating Wall Vessel Bioreactors.” Presented by M. Rhiel before the AIChE Annual National Meeting, Chicago, Illinois, November 10-15, 1996.

4.     S. K. Spear and M. A. Arnold “Response Mechanism for Ammonia Sensors with Indicators Trapped in Hydrophobic Membranes." Presented by S. K. Spear before the 108th Iowa Academy of Science Meeting, April 26-27, 1996.

5.     S. K. Spear and M. A. Arnold “Determination of Ammonia in Hippocampus Perfusates Using Solid-State Indicator Detection.” Presented by S. K. Spear before the Pittsburgh Conference, Chicago, March 3-8, 1996.

6.     S. K. Spear and M. A. Arnold “Determination of Ammonia in Bioreactor Samples Using an Absorbance Based Fiber-Optic Sensor.” Presented by S. K. Spear before the 213th American Chemical Society Meeting, San Francisco, April 13-17, 1997.

7.     M. Rhiel, M. Riley, H. Chuang, S. K. Spear, P. Palechek, M. B. Cohen, M. A. Arnold, and D. W. Murhammer “Continuous, Noninvasive Monitoring of Bioreactors.” Presented by M. Rhiel before ACHEMA 97, Frankfurt, Germany, June 9-13, 1997.

8.     S. L. Patterson, S. K. Spear, and M. A. Arnold “Ammonia and Glutamate Levels in Hippocampal Synaptic Vesicles.” Presented by S. L. Patterson before the 109th Iowa Academy of Science Meeting, April 25-26, 1997.

9.     J. G. Huddleston, H. D. Willauer, S. K. Spear, K. D. Smith, and R. D. Rogers, "Polymer-Based Aqueous Biphasic Extraction Technology in the Paper Pulping Process," Presented by J. G. Huddleston before the 3rd Annual Green Chemistry and Engineering Conference: Moving Toward Industrial Ecology (1999), Washington, DC, Abstract book page 44.

10.  A. D. Carruth, H. D. Willauer, S. K. Spear, J. G. Huddleston, and R. D. Rogers, "The Use of Quantum Mechanical Models (AMSOL) to Predict the Distribution of Organic Molecules in Aqueous Biphasic Systems," Presented by A. D. Carruth before the 11th International Conference on Partitioning in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems (1999), Gulf Shores, AL, Abstract 18.

11.  K. D. Smith, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, "Aqueous Biphasic Systems: Influences of Polymer Molecular Weight on System Behavior," Presented by K. D. Smith before the 11th International Conference on Partitioning in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems (1999), Gulf Shores, AL, Abstract 35.

12.  G. A. Broker, S. K. Spear, J. G. Huddleston, and R. D. Rogers, "Coordination vs. Hydration of Metal Ions with PEG Polymers as a Function of Polymer Length," Presented by G. A. Broker before the 11th International Conference on Partitioning in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems (1999), Gulf Shores, AL, Abstract 62.

13.   S. T. Griffin, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, "Partitioning of Iodide in Aqueous Biphasic Systems and Uptake on ABEC® Resins," Presented by S. T. Griffin before the 11th International Conference on Partitioning in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems (1999), Gulf Shores, AL, Abstract 88.

14.   S. K. Spear, S. T. Griffin, and R. D. Rogers, "A New Rhenium-188 Generator Technology Using Polyethylene Glycol-Based Aqueous Biphasic Extraction Chromatographic Resins," Presented by S. K. Spear before the 11th International Conference on Partitioning in Aqueous Two-Phase Systems (1999), Gulf Shores, AL, Abstract 89.

15.   R. D. Rogers, A. D. Carruth H. D. Willauer, S. K. Spear, and J. G. Huddleston, "Quantum Mechanical Models (AMSOL) for the Prediction of the Distribution of Organic Molecules in Aqueous Biphasic Systems," Presented by K. D. Smith before the 218th ACS National Meeting (1999), New Orleans, LA, Abstract I&EC 16.

16.   R. D. Rogers, K. D. Smith, and S. K. Spear, "Aqueous Biphasic Systems: Effect of Temperature on Partitioning," Presented by K. D. Smith before the 218th ACS National Meeting (1999), New Orleans, LA, Abstract I&EC 17.

17.   R. D. Rogers, S. T. Griffin, and S. K. Spear, "Partitioning of Iodide in Aqueous Biphasic Systems and Uptake on ABEC Resins," Presented by S. T. Griffin before the 218th ACS National Meeting (1999), New Orleans, LA, Abstract I&EC 20.

18.   R. D. Rogers, S. K. Spear, K. D. Smith, and J. G. Huddleston, "Aqueous Biphasic Systems Using Polyethylene Glycol/Ammonium Carbamate," Presented by S. K. Spear before the 218th ACS National Meeting (1999), New Orleans, LA, Abstract I&EC 21.

19.   R. D. Rogers, G. A. Broker, and S. K. Spear, "Uptake of Metal Ions by Crystal-Engineered Tetrapyridylporphyrin Coordination Polymers," Presented by G. A. Broker before the 218th ACS National Meeting (1999), New Orleans, LA, Abstract I&EC 27.

20.   K. D. Smith, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, "Aqueous Biphasic Systems: Polyethylene Glycol Compared with Polyethylene/Polypropylene Glycol Random Copolymer in Biphasic Systems," Presented by K. D. Smith before the Eleventh Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications (1999), Gatlinburg, TN, Abstract book p. 52.

21.  S. K. Spear, K. D. Smith, J. G. Huddleston, and R. D. Rogers, "Polyethylene Glycol/Ammonium Carbamate Aqueous Biphasic Systems," Presented by S. K. Spear before the Eleventh Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications (1999), Gatlinburg, TN, Abstract book p. 53.

22.  H. D. Willauer, J. G. Huddleston, S. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, "Modeling Partitioning Behavior of Organic Solutes in Aqueous Biphasic Systems," Presented by H. D. Willauer before the Eleventh Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications (1999), Gatlinburg, TN, Abstract book p. 58.

23.  J. G. Huddleston, H. D. Willauer, S. K. Spear, K. D. Smith, and R. D. Rogers, "Polymer-Based Aqueous Biphasic Extraction Technology for Reaction Engineering of the Alkaline Paper Pulping Process," Presented by J. G. Huddleston before the Eleventh Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications (1999), Gatlinburg, TN, Abstract book p. 73.

24.   S. T. Griffin, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, "Mercury Uptake from Solutions of Low Salt Concentration Using ABECTM Resins," Presented by S. T. Griffin before the Eleventh Symposium on Separation Science and Technology for Energy Applications (1999), Gatlinburg, TN, Abstract book p. 82.

25.   R. D. Rogers, K. D. Smith, and S. K. Spear, "Aqueous Biphasic Systems: Polyethylene Glycol versus Polyethylene/Polypropylene Glycol Random Copolymer Phase Formation," Presented by K. D. Smith before the 51st Southeast Regional ACS Meeting, SERMACS-99 (1999), Knoxville, TN, Abstract 92.

26.   R. D. Rogers, S. T. Griffin, and S. K. Spear, "Partitioning of Mercury using ABECTM Resins," Presented by S. T. Griffin before the 51st Southeast Regional ACS Meeting, SERMACS-99 (1999), Knoxville, TN, Abstract 214.

27.   R. D. Rogers, W. M. Reichert, M. A. Klingshirn, A. E. Visser, and S. K. Spear, “Vision 2020: How Green Chemistry Can Shape the Future of the Sugar Processing Industry,” Presented by R. D. Rogers before the SPRI 2000 Conference on Sugar Processing Research (2000), Porto, Portugal, Abstract Book.

28.   S. K. Spear and Mary An Godshall, “Good Laboratory Practice and Laboratory Certification,” Presented by S. K. Spear before the SPRI 2000 Conference on Sugar Processing Research (2000), Porto, Portugal, Abstract Book.

29.   J. G. Huddleston, H. D. Willauer, S. K. Griffin, S. S. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, "Wholly Aqueous Solvent Extraction Systems: properties and Applications, Presented by J. G. Huddleston before the 2000 Spring AIChE National Meeting (2000), Atlanta, GA, Paper 14b, Membrane and Extraction Science and Technologies for Environmental Applications Topical Conference Proceedings, D. Bhattacharyya and J. S. Kanel, Eds.; AIChE, New York, 2000; pp 192-196.

30.   W. M. Reichert, A. E. Visser, R. P. Swatloski, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, “Solubilization and Derivatization of Chitin In Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids,” Presented by W. M. Reichert before the 221st ACS National Meeting (2001), San Diego, CA, Abstract I&EC 052.

31.   S. K. Spear, G. A. Broker, M. A. Klingshirn, L. Moens, M. A. Godshall, T. P. Johnson, and R. D. Rogers, “Solubility of Mono- and Disaccharides in Ionic Liquids,” Presented by S. K. Spear before the 221st ACS National Meeting (2001), San Diego, CA, Abstract I&EC 053.

32.   R. D. Rogers, M. A. Godshall, T. P. Johnson, L. Moens, and S. K. Spear, “Green Chemistry, the Carbohydrate Economy, and Ionic Liquids:  Compatible Goals, Compatible Chemistries?” Presented by R. D. Rogers before the 221st ACS National Meeting (2001), San Diego, CA, Abstract I&EC 347.

33.   S. K. Spear, W. M. Reichert, R. P. Swatloski, and R. D. Rogers, “Ionic Liquids as Benign Solvents for Extraction of Astaxanthin and Solubilization of Chitin,” Presented by S. K. Spear before the 221st ACS National Meeting (2001), San Diego, CA, Abstract I&EC 412.

34.   R. D. Rogers, J. G. Huddleston, S. K. Spear, A. E. Visser, R. P. Swatloski, and W. M. Reichert, “Green Chemistry and Ionic Liquids:  Synergies and Ironies,” Presented by R. D. Rogers before the 2001 Spring National Meeting of AIChE (2001), Houston, TX, Abstract 12b. (Invited Symposium Presentation)

35.   R. D. Rogers; S. K. Spear; R. P. Swatloski; W. M. Reichert; M. A. Godshall; T. P. Johnson; L. Moens “Non-Sugar Products from Sugarcane for the New Millennium: Green Pathways to a Carbohydrate Economy?” Presented by R. D. Rogers before the 60th Annual International Sugar Industry Technologists Meeting (2001), Taipei, Taiwan. (Invited Keynote Speaker).

36.   M. A. Godshall, S. K. Spear, and R. M. Johnson "The effect of two Louisiana soils on cane juice quality," Presented by M. A. Godshall before the 2001 Meeting of the American Society of Sugar Cane Technologists in New Orleans, La.

37.   R. D. Rogers, S. K. Spear, R. P. Swatloski, W. M. Reichert, M. A. Godshall, T. P. Johnson, and L. Moens, “Green Chemistry, the Carbohydrate Economy, and Ionic Liquids:  Compatible Goals, Compatible Chemistries?” Presented by R. D. Rogers before IUPAC CHEMRAWN XIV World Conference, Toward Environmentally Benign Processes and Products (2001), Boulder, CO, Abstract Book.

38.   R. D. Rogers, S. K. Spear, M. A. Godshall, T. P. Johnson, and L. Moens, “Green Chemistry, the Carbohydrate Economy, and Ionic Liquids:  Compatible Goals, Compatible Chemistries?” Presented by R. D. Rogers before the 5th Annual Green Chemistry and Engineering Conference (2001), Washington, DC, Abstract Book p 9.

39.   W. M. Reichert, A. E. Visser, R. P. Swatloski, S. K. Spear, R. D. Rogers, “Derivatization of Chitin in Room Temperature Ionic Liquids,” Presented by W. M. Reichert before the 222nd ACS National Meeting (2001), Chicago, IL, Abstract I&EC 025.

40.  S. K. Spear, J. G. Huddleston, and R. D. Rogers, “Activity of Laccase Immobilized in a PEG Gel Matrix,” Presented by S. K. Spear before the Twelfth Symposium on Separations Science and Technology for Energy Applications (2001), Gatlinburg, TN, Abstract Book p 79.

41.   S. K. Spear and R. D. Rogers, “Ionic Liquids: Green Solvents for Carbohydrate Studies,” Presented by S. K. Spear before SPRI 2002, Conference on Sugar Processing Research (2002), New Orleans, LA, Abstract Book.

42.   R. P. Swatloski, J. D. Holbrey, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, “Ionic Liquids for the Dissolution and Regeneration of Cellulose,” Presented by R. P. Swatloski before the Thirteenth International Symposium on Molten Salts, part of the 201st National Meeting of the Electrochemical Society (2002), Philadelphia, PA, Abstract 1394.

43.  R. D. Rogers, J. D. Holbrey, S. K. Spear, and R. P., Swatloski, “Ionic Liquids—A Look at the Dissolution of Cellulose,” Presented by R. D. Rogers before the 6th Annual Green Chemistry and Engineering Conference (2002), Washington, DC, Abstract Book p 17.

44.  J. G. Huddleston, H. D. Willauer, G. D. Broker, S. K. Spear, J. D. Holbrey, and R. D. Rogers, “Predicting the Performance of Alternative Solvents Through the Use of Free Energy Relationships,” Presented by J. G. Huddleston before the 6th Annual Green Chemistry and Engineering Conference (2002), Washington, DC, Abstract Book p 19.

45.   R. P. Swatloski, J. D. Holbrey, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, “Ionic Liquids as Green Solvents for Regeneration/Engineering of Cellulose Based Products,” Presented by R. P. Swatloski before the 6th Annual Green Chemistry and Engineering Conference (2002), Washington, DC, Abstract Book p 43.

46.   J. D. Holbrey, W. M. Reichert, S. K. Spear, R. P. Swatloski, M. B. Turner, A. E. Visser, and R. D. Rogers, “Getting started with Ionic Liquids: An experience-based tutorial on synthesis and handling,” Presented by J. D. Holbrey, W. M. Reichert, S. K. Spear, R. P. Swatloski, M. B. Turner, A. E. Visser, and R. D. Rogers before the 224th ACS National Meeting (2002), Boston, MA, Abstract I&EC 1.

47.   R. P. Swatloski, S. K. Spear, J. D. Holbrey, and R. D. Rogers, “Ionic Liquids: new solvents for non-derivitized cellulose dissolution,” Presented by R. P. Swatloski before the 224th ACS National Meeting (2002), Boston, MA, Abstract I&EC 76.

48.   S. K. Spear, W. M. Reichert, and R. D. Rogers, “Liquid-liquid extraction from ionic liquids using renewable plant-based soybean oil methyl ester as alternatives to organic solvents,” Presented by S. K. Spear before the 224th ACS National Meeting (2002), Boston, MA, Abstract I&EC 91.

49.   M. B. Turner, S. K. Spear, J. G. Huddleston, and R. D. Rogers, “Cellulase activity in an ionic liquid,” Presented by M. B. Turner before the 224th ACS National Meeting (2002), Boston, MA, Abstract I&EC 23.

50.   R. P. Swatloski, S. K. Spear, J. D. Holbrey, and R. D. Rogers, “Green solvents for the dissolution and regeneration of cellulose--A look at ionic liquids,” Presented by R. P. Swatloski before the Gordon Research Conference on Green Chemistry (2002), Oxford, United Kingdom, No abstract.

51.   R. P. Swatloski, J. D. Holbrey, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, “Ionic Liquids for the Dissolution and Regeneration of Cellulose,” Presented by R. P. Swatloski before the Thirteenth International Symposium on Molten Salts, part of the 201st National Meeting of the Electrochemical Society (2002), Philadelphia, PA, Abstract 1394.

52.   R. P. Swatloski, S. K. Spear, J. D. Holbrey, and R. D. Rogers, "Ionic liquids as green solvents for the dissolution and regeneration of cellulose," Presented by R. P. Swatloski before the 225th ACS National Meeting (2003), New Orleans, LA, Abstract CELL 131.

53.   R. P. Swatloski, J. D. Holbrey, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, "Properties of regenerated cellulose from ionic liquids," Presented by R. P. Swatloski before the 225th ACS National Meeting (2003), New Orleans, LA, Abstract I&EC 167.

54.   R. D. Rogers, J. D. Holbrey, S. K. Spear, K. E. Gutowski, N. J. Bridges, V. A. Cocalia, and R. P. Swatloski, “Application of Ionic Liquid Technologies to Nuclear Separations,” Presented by R. D. Rogers before the 27th Actinide Separations Conference (2003), Lemont, IL, Abstract Book p 12.

55.   V. A. Cocalia, N. J. Bridges, S. T. Griffin, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, “Uranyl Extraction using Cyanex-272 in 1-Decyl-3-methylimidazolium Bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide,” Presented by V. A. Cocalia before the 27th Actinide Separations Conference (2003), Lemont, IL, Abstract Book p 36.

56.   R. P. Swatloski, J. D. Holbrey, S. K. Spear, R. B. Moore, and R. D. Rogers, “Greener Dissolution of Cellulose: Can Ionic Liquids Compete with N-Methyl-morpholine-N-oxide in the Lyocell Process?” Presented by R. P. Swatloski before the Seventh Annual Green Chemistry and Engineering Conference (2003), Washington, DC, Abstract 10.

57.   M. B. Turner, S. K. Spear, R. P. Swatloski, J. D. Holbrey, and R. D. Rogers, “Entrapment and Activity of Biomolecules in Cellulose Films Regenerated from Ionic Liquids,” Presented by M. B. Turner before the Seventh Annual Green Chemistry and Engineering Conference (2003), Washington, DC, Abstract 40.

58.   M. A. Klingshirn, J. D. Holbrey, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, “Investigation of the Properties of Poly(ethylene Glycol) Hydrogels Doped with Ionic Liquids,” Presented by M. A. Klingshirn before the 12th International Conference on Biopartitioning and Purification (2003), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Abstract Book p 45.

59.   J. G. Huddleston, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, “The Aqueous Solution Behavior of Poly(ethyleneglycol) Hydrogels,” Presented by J. G. Huddleston before the 12th International Conference on Biopartitioning and Purification (2003), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Abstract Book p 48.

60.   S. K. Spear, M. B. Turner, J. G. Huddleston, and R. D. Rogers, “Poly(ethylene glycol) Hydrogel for Laccase Immobilization,” Presented by S. K. Spear before the 12th International Conference on Biopartitioning and Purification (2003), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Abstract Book p 51.

61.   J. Chen, S. K. Spear, J. G. Huddleston, and R. D. Rogers, “Polyethylene Glycol Aqueous Solutions as Green Reaction Medium,” Presented by J. Chen before the 12th International Conference on Biopartitioning and Purification (2003), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Abstract Book p 52.

62.   S. T. Griffin, S. K. Spear, J. G. Huddleston, and R. D. Rogers, “A Comparison of the Effect of Temperature on the Uptake of TcO4- in PEG Based ABS and onto ABEC Resins,” Presented by S. T. Griffin before the 12th International Conference on Biopartitioning and Purification (2003), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Abstract Book p 52.

63.   S. T. Griffin, S. K. Spear, J. G. Huddleston, and R. D. Rogers, “Partitioning of Iodide in Aqueous Biphasic Systems and onto ABEC® Resins,” Presented by S. T. Griffin before the 12th International Conference on Biopartitioning and Purification (2003), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Abstract Book p 59.

64.   S. K. Spear, S. T. Griffin, J. G. Huddleston, and R. D. Rogers, “Partitioning Studies of Small Molecules in Ammonium Carbamate/Polyethylene Glycol Aqueous Biphasic Systems,” Presented by S. K. Spear before the 12th International Conference on Biopartitioning and Purification (2003), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Abstract Book p 59.

65.    J. Chen, S. K. Spear, J. G. Huddleston, and R. D. Rogers, “Polyethylene Glycol Aqueous Solutions as Green Reaction Medium,” Presented by J. Chen before the 12th International Conference on Biopartitioning and Purification (2003), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Abstract Book p 60.

66.   J. G. Huddleston, H. D. Willauer, S. T. Griffin, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, “Free Energy Relationships and Solvent Properties of PEG-Salt Aqueous Biphasic Systems,” Presented by J. G. Huddleston before the 12th International Conference on Biopartitioning and Purification (2003), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Abstract Book p 60.

67.   J. G. Huddleston, Z. Guo, H. D. Willauer, M. Li, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, “Aqueous Biphasic Systems Applied to the Delignification of Cellulosics ? Experiences with the Paper Pulping Process,” Presented by J. G. Huddleston before the 12th International Conference on Biopartitioning and Purification (2003), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Abstract Book p 60.

68.   S. T. Griffin, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, “Removal of Mercury from Tap Water and Groundwater Using Aqueous Biphasic Extraction Chromatographic Resin,” Presented by S. T. Griffin before the 12th International Conference on Biopartitioning and Purification (2003), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Abstract Book p 60.

69.   M. A. Klingshirn, S. K. Spear, J. D. Holbrey, and R. D. Rogers, “Synthesis and Characterization of a Poly(ethylene Glycol) - Silica Sol Composite,” Presented by M. A. Klingshirn before the 12th International Conference on Biopartitioning and Purification (2003), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Abstract Book p 61.

70.  R. D. Rogers, J. G. Huddleston, J. D. Holbrey, S. K. Spear, and M. B. Turner, “Ionic Liquids in Separations: What Are They? Are They Useful? and How Do They Compare to Aqueous Biphasic Systems?” Presented by R. D. Rogers before the 12th International Conference on Biopartitioning and Purification (2003), Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, Abstract Book p 51.

71.  R. D. Rogers, J. D. Holbrey, S. K. Spear, K. E. Gutowski, N. J. Bridges, V. A. Cocalia, and R. P. Swatloski, Application of ionic liquid technologies to nuclear separations,” Presented by R. D. Rogers before the 226th ACS National Meeting (2003), New York, NY, Abstract NUCL 092.  (Invited Presentation).

72.   M. B. Turner, S. K. Spear, R. P. Swatloski, J. D. Holbrey, and R. D. Rogers “Cellulose films regenerated from ILs and their role as scaffolding for enzyme attachment via glutaraldehyde,”  Presented by M. B. Turner before the 226th ACS National Meeting (2003), New York, NY, Abstract I&EC 190.

73.   R. P. Swatloski, J. D. Holbrey, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, "Ionic liquids as green solvents: Engineering new bio-based materials," Presented by R. P. Swatloski before the 226th ACS National Meeting (2003), New York, NY, Abstract I&EC 090.

74.   R. D. Rogers, J. D. Holbrey, S. K. Spear, K. E. Gutowski, and R. P. Swatloski, “CMPO-impregnated cellulosic materials from ionic liquids for f-element separations,” Presented by R. D. Rogers before the 226th ACS National Meeting (2003), New York, NY, Abstract I&EC 045.  (Invited Presentation.) 

75.   K. E. Gutowski, N. J. Bridges, V. A. Cocalia, S. K. Spear, J. D. Holbrey, J. H. Davis, Jr., and R. D. Rogers, “Approaches to Nuclear Separations Using Room Temperature Ionic Liquids,” Presented by K. E. Gutowski before Global 2003 “Atoms for Prosperity: Updating Eisenhower’s Global Vision for Nuclear Energy,” part of the 2003 ANS/ENS International Winter Meeting (2003), New Orleans, LA. (Invited Presentation). 

76.   K. E. Gutowski, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, “Use of Ionic Liquids in the Removal Actinides from Nitric Acid Media by HOPO-Type Extractants,” Presented by K. E. Gutowski before the Thirteenth Symposium on Separations Science and Technology for Energy Applications (2003), Gatlinburg, TN, Abstract Book p 43.

77.   R. D. Rogers, J. D. Holbrey, S. K. Spear, K. E. Gutowski, and R. P. Swatloski, “CMPO-Impregnated Cellulosic Materials from Ionic Liquids for Actinide Separations,” Presented by R. D. Rogers before the Thirteenth Symposium on Separations Science and Technology for Energy Applications (2003), Gatlinburg, TN, Abstract Book p 52.

78.   V. A. Cocalia, N. J. Bridges, S. T. Griffin, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, “Actinide Partitioning using the Traditional Extractant Cyanex-272 in a Room Temperature Ionic Liquid as a Novel Medium for Liquid/Liquid Extraction,” Presented by V. A. Cocalia before the Thirteenth Symposium on Separations Science and Technology for Energy Applications (2003), Gatlinburg, TN, Abstract Book p 80.

79.   S. Spear, J. Holbrey, R. Rogers, “Ionic liquids as solvents in green chemistry: from fundamental studies to applied implementation,” Presented by S. Spear before the 55th Southeast Regional ACS Meeting (2003), Atlanta, GA, Abstract 890.

80.   S. K. Spear, L. A. Andrews, and S. K. Airee, “Transesterification of Menhaden Oil and Evaluating the Physical Properties and Heats of Combustion of Various Bio-Based Diesels,”  Presented by S. K. Spear before the 27th Annual Conference of the Seafood Science and Technology Society (2003), Biloxi, MS.

81.   W. M. Reichert, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, “Decolorization of Chitin using Room Temperature Ionic Liquids,” Presented By W. M. Reichert before the 27th Annual Conference of the Seafood Science and Technology Society (2003), Biloxi, MS.

82.   R. D Rogers, J. D Holbrey, S. K Spear, W. M. Reichert, M. R Smiglac, H. Yang, K. Manju, and A. R Katritzky, “Energetic ionic liquids: Fundamental studies relating target structures and key physical properties,” Presented by R. D. Rogers to the AFSOR Contractor’s Review on Ionic Liquids Research (2004), Tampa, FL.

83.   M. A. Klingshirn, S. K. Spear, R. Subramanian, J. D. Holbrey, and R. D. Rogers, “Synthesis, characterization, and applications of ionic liquid-poly(ethylene) glycol gel matrices,” Presented by M. A. Klingshirn before the 227th ACS National Meeting (2004), Anaheim, CA, Abstract POLY 638.

84.   J. D. Holbrey, J. Chen; M. B. Turner, R. P. Swatloski, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, “Applying ionic liquid solvent characteristics for controlled processing of polymer materials,” Presented by J. D. Holbrey before the 227th ACS National Meeting (2004), Anaheim, CA, Abstract POLY 607.   

85.   T. L. Shamery, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, “How the RET experience at The University of Alabama was incorporated into the high school teaching experience,” Presented by T. L. Shamery before the 227th ACS National Meeting (2004), Anaheim, CA, Abstract CHED 090.

86.   R. D. Rogers, J. D. Holbrey, S. K. Spear, and M. B. Turner, “Ionic liquids as green solvents: Engineering bioactive cellulose materials,” Presented by R. D. Rogers before the 227th ACS National Meeting (2004), Anaheim, CA, Abstract CELL 198. (Invited Presentation)

87.   R. P. Swatloski, S. K. Spear, J. D. Holbrey, and R. D. Rogers, “Utilization of biorenewable resources: Bio-based materials from ionic liquids,” Presented by R. P. Swatloski before the 227th ACS National Meeting (2004), Anaheim, CA, Abstract CELL 046.

88.  J. H. Poplin, R. P. Swatloski, J. D. Holbrey, S. K. Spear, and R. D. Rogers, “Cellulose-supported colorimetric sensors for mercury ion detection,” Presented by J. H. Poplin before the 227th ACS National Meeting (2004), Anaheim, CA, Abstract CELL 024.

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